You can associate multiple resources with an operation on a routing. For each resource, you can determine if you want to include that resource in scheduling and lead time calculations. You can also collect costs for a resource on a routing if you specified the resource as a costed resource. If a resource is unavailable, you can define alternate resources. An alternate resource can be a single resource or a set of resources.

Resource parents and resource sets are used to group similar resources. Routings can then be defined with their general resource requirements, while WIP lots are tracked with the usage of the specific resources. While a resource can belong to several resource sets, a resource can only belong to one parent resource. When a WIP lot is at an operation with a parent resource or resource set attached to it, you are prompted to enter a valid resource used in processing the WIP lot.

To assign a resource to a routing operation:
Navigate to the Operation Resources window. You can do this by choosing the Operation Resources button from the Routings window.

1. Enter the sequence number of the resource and the resource name. You can use any resource assigned to the department. Valid values for sequence range from 1 to 9999999 and must be unique for the operation.

2. Select a basis type by which to charge and schedule the resource. The default is the basis specified for the resource.
Item: Charge and schedule the resource by multiplying the usage rate by the job or schedule quantity for the assembly. Select Item when your charges fluctuate with quantity change.
Lot: Charge and schedule the resource by charging the usage rate or amount once per job or schedule. Select Lot when your resource usage quantity is the amount required per job or schedule, for example, setup charges.

3. Enter a value for the Rate or Amount in either the Usage or Inverse fields. That is, enter the resource consumed at the operation (per item or per lot) or it's inverse.
Entering a value for either field updates the other field.
Resources with time-based unit of measures must have usage rates greater than zero.
Enter an inverse when you know the number of units a resource can process (rather than the duration an assembly unit consumes the resource. For example, if you know a resource can process 10 units per hour, enter 10 for the inverse. Usage or Inverse can be negative only for resources that cannot be scheduled and where the charge type is neither PO move nor PO receipt.

Alternate Resources
You can define alternate resources for each resource. You can define an alternate resource or set of alternate resources to describe a different manufacturing step used to produce the same product. For example, you have a routing for an item TEST. The routing includes an operation with operation sequence number 70. The operation includes two operation resources, R1 (resource sequence 10) and R2 (resource sequence 20). The Substitute Group Number 10 groups the substitute resources R3, R4, and R5. These three resources are further classified into Replacement Group 10 and 20.
Replacement Group 10 includes the resource R3 and Replacement Group 20 contains the resources R4 and R5. If the resources R1 or R2 are not available, you can replace them with either Replacement Group 10 or 20, so either R3 or R4 and R5 can replace R1 or R2. The following table describes how this example is set up in the Operation Resources and Operation Alternate Resources windows.

Resource Scheduling
For each resource, you can specify whether to schedule it, and whether it overlaps the prior or next operation. If you specify that a resource overlaps the prior operation, Oracle Work in Process schedules the resource so that the last resource on the prior operation ends at the same time as this resource. Conversely, if you specify a resource that overlaps the next operation, Work in Process schedules the resource so that the first resource on the next operation begins at the same time as this resource.

Resources can be defined as simultaneous or alternates with other resources, independent of an assembly's routing. Two or more resources can be scheduled to be working concurrently within the same job operation. For example, a drilling machine and machinist must be scheduled at the same time. Each operation contains a scheduled sequence of resources. You can define the sequence in which resources are consumed.

The information in the Schedule Seq field is only used when constraint based scheduling is enabled in Oracle Manufacturing Scheduling, though. You can create a different resource or group of resources that can be used to substitute the primary resource or group of resources within a job operation. For example, if unskilled labor is unavailable to perform a task,
it can be substituted with skilled labor. The scheduling system will schedule the skilled labor if the unskilled labor is fully committed. This is referred to as alternative scheduling.

Work in Process schedules assuming that the department uses up to the number of assigned units of the resource simultaneously - up to the number that exist in the department.

If you specify that a resource is available 24 hours (such as time in a drying area), Work in Process schedules it around the clock regardless of shifts.

Schdule

1. Yes: Include this resource when scheduling an operation from a job or repetitive schedule and calculating manufacturing lead time for the assembly.
2. No: Do not include scheduling the operation or calculating the lead time.
3. Prior: Include this resource when scheduling a job or schedule by backward scheduling the previous operation from the end of this resource. Use this option when setup resources can work in parallel with previous operations. The lead timeis calculated the same way Work in Process schedules the job or repetitive schedule.
4. Next: Include this resource when scheduling a job or repetitive schedule by forward scheduling the next operation from the start of this resource. Use this option when the teardown of the current operation can overlap with the execution of the next

Enter the resource offset percent within this routing.
For example, a value of 50 means that you utilize the resource when the routing is half completed. This value is  utomatically calculated when you compute the lead time for the assembly.

Resource Charging Method
You can associate multiple resources with an operation on a routing, and for each resource you can determine how the resource is charged. You can automatically charge resources in Work in Process based on move transactions and purchase order receipts (for outside processing). You can also manually charge resources.
You can collect and group resource charges by activity for cost reporting.
You can determine how each resource is charged in Work in Process. When an
operation completes, Work in Process records the units applied to the job or repetitive
schedule in the resource unit of measure. You can charge resources manually or
automatically.

• Manual: Work in Process does not automatically charge this type of resource to a job or repetitive schedule. You must manually charge it to a job or repetitive schedule using Work in Process.
• PO Receipt: Automatically charge this resource upon receipt of a purchase order in Oracle Purchasing. The assemblies are not automatically moved to the next operation upon receipt, so you must manually move them using Work in Process.
• PO Move: Automatically charge this resource upon receipt of a purchase order in Oracle Purchasing and move the assemblies to the Queue intraoperation step of the next operation, or to the To move intraoperation step if this is the last operation.
• WIP Move: Work in Process automatically charges this type of resource to a job or repetitive schedule when you complete an operation.

Resource Capacity Modifications
For each resource on a shift, you can override the number of resource units available (such as number of machines) and specify additions or reductions to the amount of time the resource is available on that shift. These capacity modifications are assigned to simulation sets that you can use later when you generate a capacity plan or schedule discrete jobs or repetitive schedules to simulate capacity changes.